Explosive-engine.



PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

J. M. MORRISON.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED DBO. so, 190i.

MG. l.

EFX Gf.

PEG. 3.

sri-irs iiplmwtitlllEwENGiNlE no.. estera peciicaton `or Letters Patent.

ratentea may 22, 190e.

Application tiled December 80,1%4. Serial No. 238,989-

To all whom it Netty concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES M. Monnisoiv, a citizen oi the United States, residing at Sioux Gity, in the county of Woodbury and'State of iowa, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to explosiveengines, and while particularly adaptable for use in connection Awith explosive-engines of the tourcycle order may by minor modifications he apA lied to two-cycle engines.

t is Well known that in the ordinary explosiveeengine the explosion is pro duced whil e the iston is atits extreme inward limit and whi e the crank is on the deadcenter- It will be readily understood that where the explo sion occurs with the crank so centered the force of the en lesion is wasted in a useless and undesirab e pressure snorted upon the driving-shaft io overcome the waste oi the expansive pressure oi the exploded gas, en rines have been constructed wherein the explosion is timed to occur after the crank has.

passed its center and after the piston has begun its outward stroke. It will bereadily seen that the outward movement of the iston thus enlarges the ex lesion-chain er and that the power require to compress the gas preparatary to explosion is to some extent wasted by the expansion permitted by the enlargement of the explosionmhamber.

The object ot my invention is to produce an enpiosiveengine wherein the explosion occurs after the crank has passed its center and after the iston has begun its'outward stroke, but wit the explosion-chamber at its minimum capacity.

A, further object'o my invention is to provide an explosive-engine having a movablel cylindenhead mounted within. the cylinder and which moves in conjunction with and at a short distance iro m the piston while the pis ton is 'iinishing its inward and beginning its outward stroke, thus confining the corn- 'pressed fuel within a minimum space until the time of explosion, after which the cylinder-head remains stationary until the return oi the )iston Wit 1 these and otherl objects in view theA present invention consists in the combina tion and arrangement oi" parts, as will bo hereinafter more fully described, shown in the aecompailying` drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes in the torni,

proportion, size, and minor details'mav be ma e within the scope of the claims Ywithout departing Jfrom the spirit or sacrificing any ol the advantages of the invention 0n the drawings, Figure lis a side'view oi" my im roved explosive-engine, showing in vertice. section the parts-as they are disposed at the moment oi ex losion. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view o the cylinder and work` ing parts of my improved engine with the pis` ton at its extreme outer limit.. Fig. 3 a viewl in vertical section of the working parte of my explosive-engine, showing the pleuraly at its extreme inner limit.

Like characters oi reference designate cor# responding parts throughout the several views.

in its preferred embodiment my improved explosive-engine consists of a cyl: nder 1, mounted in any approved manner, as upon the base 2, an having a plston 3, mounted to reciprocate therein. A drying-shaft 4. is conveniently mounted upon the base, and a 5,' rigldlysecured thereto, is connected cranlr with the piston 3 by the l-nl 5. The cyiin der 3 is provided with any approved ports i',

the valve of which may be operated in any approved manner, as ly cams 8, mounted upon rotating shaft 9. Within the cylinder 1 is also mounted a rec'procatinv cylndern head 10, havingr a rod 11 rigidly secured thereto and extending without the cylinder,

preferably coincident wth the axis thereof( The rod 11 may be slidably mounted in any approved manner, as in the bearings 12. 'Se cured to the shaft 11 is a collar 13, carrying a pintle 14, wiifch may be provided at its end with a ca1n-roller 15. A cam-dislt lo, provided with a cam-slot 17, may be rotatably mounted adjacent the rod .11,with the camroller'- 15 disposed within the cam-slot 17. The cam-disk 16 may be given a rotary motion in any approved manner, as by means of tho gears 18 and 19, rece'ving motion from the rotatingr shaft 9, which operates the valves of the ports 7. In a four-cycle engine the shaft 9 would of necessity be geared to rotate once at4 each two revolut ons of the driving-shaft 4, and if the cam-disk 16 is opor'atcd from the sad shaft the gears 18 and 19 may be proportioned two to one, as shown, to rotate the caxu-disl-z once for each revolution of the drlvingshaft.

The operation of my improved explosivoongrine is as follows: VVtli the parte dis. used shown in Fig. 1 the explosion is timed to occur between the piston 3 and the movable cylinder-head 10. The explosion causes an outward movement of the piston 3 to its extreme outer limit, as shown in Fig. 2. While the piston3 is moving outward, the cam-disk 16 is rotating'in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the slot 17, formed as shown, holds the cylinder-head stationary during such outward movement and y while the crank-pin is traversing the arc in the direction indicated bythe ar'row from the point B to the point A. When y the crank-pin reaches the point B, the disk 16 has rotated, so that a further rotation thereof causes the cam-roller 15 to follow the angularly-disposed portion of the slot 17 and to move the cylinder-head 10 through the space C D; The angular portion of slot 17 is so proportioned and disposed that the movement C D of the cylinder-head 10 is equal to and simultaneous with the movement offthe crankpin from B to A and through the horizontal distance E F, which isequal to the distance C D, so that from the position of the piston 3' with the crank-pin at B the piston-head 10 moves simultaneously with and at an unvarying distance from the piston 3 until the crankpin again reaches the vpoint A. It will thus be seen that the cylinder-head 10 moves simultaneuosly with the piston 3 at each stroke thereof while the said piston is finishing-its inward and beginning its outward stroke, so that for'the purpose'of exhausting and scavengering the movable piston-head 1() 'serves all the utility of the stationary head.

While I have shown and described a rotating cam-disk for operating the movable piston-head, it is obvious that the said head may be operated by other means or mechanical equivalents. It is also obvious that if 'the rotating disk is used the rotary motion may be obtained from a source other than i manner of operation, and minor detail may be madewithout departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope ofthe claim.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as novel, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

An explosive-engine comprising a cylinythe rotating shaft which operates the ortvalve and that other changes in' the crm,

der, a piston mountedto reciprocate within the cyl'nder, a rotating crank-arm, a link l connecting the piston and the crank-arm, a cylinder-head mounted to reciprocate within the cylinder, an outwardly-extending. rod secured to said' cylinder-head, a cam-disk disposed for coperation with the rod, connecting means whereby the rotation of the crank-arm produces a rotary movement of thedisk which in turn produces an intermittent rec'procating movement of the cylinder-head in coperation with and at ashort distance from the piston while the piston is finishing its inward and beginning its outward stroke and means for producing the eX- ploson after the piston has begun its outward stroke and after the crank-arm has lpassed the center and wlLle the distance be- JAMES M. MoRRIsoN.

Witnesses J. J. WILSON, J. F. CHRIAME. 

